Pediatric ATI Practice Exam

What symptom may indicate an allergic reaction in a child after a vaccination?

1. Swelling at the injection site

2. Fever above 100.4°F

3. Localized redness

4. Hives or rash

The correct answer is: Hives or rash

Hives or rash are symptoms that may indicate an allergic reaction in a child following a vaccination. Allergic reactions can manifest in various forms, and hives—raised, itchy welts on the skin—are a common sign of a hypersensitivity response. Allergic reactions involve the immune system overreacting to a substance, and hives specifically indicate this type of response. Other symptoms, such as swelling at the injection site, localized redness, and fever, can occur after vaccination but are typically considered normal, mild reactions and not necessarily indicative of an allergic response. Swelling and redness are usually localized effects at the site of the injection, while a fever, although it can follow vaccination, is more representative of the body’s immune response to the vaccine rather than an allergic reaction. Recognizing hives or rash as a potential sign of an allergic reaction is crucial for timely assessment and management, ensuring the child's safety following immunization.