Pediatric ATI Practice Exam

What test is most appropriate for confirming a diagnosis of leukemia in a child?

1. Complete blood count

2. Bone marrow aspiration

3. Liver function tests

4. CT scan of the abdomen

The correct answer is: Bone marrow aspiration

Bone marrow aspiration is the most appropriate test for confirming a diagnosis of leukemia in a child because it allows for the direct examination of the bone marrow, where blood cell production occurs. In leukemia, abnormal or immature white blood cells proliferate in the bone marrow, replacing normal cells and affecting blood cell production. By aspirating the bone marrow, healthcare providers can perform a cytological examination to identify the presence of these atypical cells, thus confirming the diagnosis of leukemia. While a complete blood count is useful in identifying abnormalities in blood cell levels, such as anemia or leukocytosis, it cannot definitively diagnose leukemia. Liver function tests are primarily used to assess liver health and are not relevant for diagnosing leukemia. A CT scan of the abdomen may provide imaging of potential lymphadenopathy or organ involvement but does not provide cellular or definitive diagnostic information necessary for confirming leukemia.